Father Edmund Waldstein (doctoral candidate and professor at Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule, Austria) examines how in ancient times and throughout most of the history of Catholic philosophy, happiness was seen to be found in participation in the common good through virtue. In modern philosophy, the focus changed to an individualistic understanding of happiness as private contentment, however attained. Father Waldstein points out the flaws in Martin Luther’s emphatic critique of the classical idea of happiness shared by those, inside and outside the Church, who have been influenced by Luther’s thought in Germany and elsewhere.